To reiterate what others have said, this has reached a point of needing professional help. Violence will not put a stop to violence, it will only make him more fearful and escelate the issue. There are so many factors that could go into this that people online can't account for.
That being said, I really wish you and your beagle buddy all the best. It's definitely a tough situation to be in.
EDIT: To try and provide something practical in the meantime, it may be good to remove his access to these random objects as best you can. If he's grabbing at anything and everything then naturally you can't completely prevent, but if you can block access to tables and counters and keep other areas cleared off that could stave off the symptoms somewhat until you can get help treating the main cause. Especially if he's chewing them up, we don't want him to get hurt that way.
Yup. My wife's car is a '22 and while overall solid drives her crazy with its sensors yelling at her. Thankfully, the auto adjustment to steering if you 'veer out of your lane' can be disabled. It still beeps at her for usually no good reason, though. Meanwhile, I hate it because it uses Android auto and is absolutely horrible at managing multiple phones. When I drive it won't connect. Meanwhile, when she gets home, it hijacks my bluetooth even if I'm listening to something with my headphones. If I unpair it on the phone side it spams pair requests until I block it.
Meanwhile, my car is roughly 10 years old, runs just fine, doesn't beep just because I used my turn signal with a car next to me, and has basic bluetooth that just works. I much prefer mine.