History

Set to chill instrumental music. Paris, Jerusalem, Istanbul, Geneva, Kyoto, London, Giza, New York, Germany, Lyon, Marseille, etc.

@history Hi All, I am new here.. what's the newest topic?:)

An interesting story of how a silver denarius, minted over 2,000 years ago, reveals efforts taken by Ancient Rome to counter voter intimidation and manipulation during elections.

The image and videos title were clearly changed for clicks and don’t match the documentary except for the opium war period, but it’s a great doc that goes into much more

Mostly commentary interviews of survivors and former party cadres (officials)

Estimated ~45 million perished

The document discusses the concept of the "musha'a", a form of communal land tenure practiced by Palestinian villages, and how it was targeted for destruction by the Ottomans, British, and Israelis in order to facilitate the colonization and eventual domination of Palestinian land.

It examines how the musha'a system worked collectively to the benefit of villagers, and describes the various surveys, legal reforms, and acts of enclosure that were carried out to weaken it and make the land more easily alienable.

The article analyses how the destruction of the musha'a was a key victory for Zionist settlement. It also discusses related topics like Christian Zionism and the English commons.

Summary from tldrthis.com.

The image of a witch flying on a broomstick is iconic, but it is not nearly as old as the idea of witchcraft itself, which dates to the earliest days of humankind.

Several theologians, church inquisitors, secular magistrates and other authorities first wrote about such flight in the early 1400s. The earliest known visual depiction of flying witches appears in a 1451 manuscript copy of one such text, “Le champion des dames” (“The Defender of Ladies”), by the French poet Martin Le Franc.

Witchcraft accusations at this time were increasingly focused on women. The clothing of the figures in Le Franc’s text depicts them as coming from non-elite ranks of medieval society. So do the implements on which they fly. Staffs and brooms were tools for ordinary housework.

The notion that witches could fly served to support the idea that they gathered in large groups called sabbaths. These gatherings, in turn, heightened the supposed threat witches posed to Christian society.

Even after the idea of witches flying on brooms was introduced to European society, it was not readily accepted. Many who wrote about witchcraft at this time, including Le Franc, were quite skeptical about the reality of flying witches.

As it turned out, however, authorities could still perceive a threat even if they believed witches’ flight was imaginary.

What did the year 2000 look like in 1900? Originally commissioned by Armand Gervais, a French toy manufacturer in Lyon, for the 1900 World exhibition in Paris, the first fifty of these paper cards were produced by Jean-Marc Côté, designed to be enclosed in cigarette boxes and, later, sent as postcards. All in all, at least seventy-eight cards were made by Côté and other artists, although the exact number is not known, and some may still remain undiscovered. Each tries to imagine what it would be like to live in the then-distant year of 2000.

Seventy years ago, on 1 March 1954 (28 February in Washington), the U.S. government air-dropped a thermonuclear weapon, code-named “Shrimp,” on Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands in what turned out to be the largest nuclear test in U.S. history. The Bravo detonation in the Castle test series had an explosive yield of 15 megatons—1,000 times that of the weapon that destroyed Hiroshima and nearly three times the six megatons that its planners estimated.

To halt the carnage, the sun god resorted to trickery. One version of the story recounts that Ra flooded a field of barley and allowed it to ferment, while another claims he simply poured out 7,000 jars of beer. In either case, Ra cleverly dyed the beer crimson using red ochre, a type of edible clay rich in iron oxide.

“When Hathor arrived, she started drinking what she thought was blood,” Goldsmith says. After guzzling the better part of a field of beer, the goddess became too drunk to continue her murder spree and took a nap, thus saving humanity.

Advances in fields such as spectrometry and gene sequencing are unleashing torrents of new data about the ancient world – and could offer answers to questions we never even knew to ask

Old newspaper I found on the death of FDR enjoy.

Summary

In the Renaissance period, codpieces emerged as fashionable accessories for men, initially serving practical purposes such as covering the crotch gap left by shorter doublets. They evolved into exaggerated, often phallic-shaped adornments made of luxurious fabrics and embellishments, symbolizing virility and military prowess. Henry VIII famously popularized them, using their figurative associations to bolster his image of fertility. However, by the late 16th century, codpieces fell out of fashion, giving way to other trends like peascod doublets. Today, very few authentic codpieces remain, but they continue to captivate public interest in historical contexts and even resurface in modern fashion and entertainment, albeit in smaller forms.

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