thelucky8

Temu hat mehr als 45 Millionen Nutzerinnen und Nutzer monatlich in Europa. Doch Lobbyarbeit gegenüber der Politik gibt die chinesische Handelsplattform nicht an. Obwohl der Konzern mittlerweile durch den Digital Services Act (DSA) der EU reguliert wird. Wie passt das zusammen?

Offenbar verfolgt der Techkonzern eine Strategie, die er bereits auf dem US-Markt erfolgreich angewandt hat: sich Politik, Behörden, Steuern und Regeln so lange wie möglich zu entziehen und dabei maximalen Profit herrauszuschlagen. Ziel von Temu ist es, die Präsenz in Europa auszubauen, Regeln spielen für den Tech-Konzern dabei keine Rolle.

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Produziert werden die Produkte ausschließlich in China, die Endproduktion findet in der Regeln nahe bei Flughäfen statt, sodass die Produkte möglichst schnell um die Welt geflogen werden können. Die Qualität der angebotenen Produkte steht zunehmend in der Kritik durch Verbraucherschutzorganisationen. Die Verbraucherzentrale Bundesverband äußerte sich zunehmend besorgt über die Produktsicherheit bei Temu. Temu steht deswegen zu Recht in Europa und in Deutschland verstärkt in der Kritik.

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Trotz seines Expansionskurs in Europa ist der Konzern schlecht erreichbar. Zunächst fällt auf, dass Temu weder Lobbybüros unterhält noch irgendwelche anderen Lobbytätigkeiten in Berlin und Brüssel in den jeweiligen Transparenzregistern angibt. Das gilt auch für den Mutterkonzern PDD Holdings und den an der Holding mit 15 Prozent beteiligten Tencent Konzern aus China. Tencent macht zwar Angaben in den Lobbyregistern in Berlin und Brüssel. Nichts deutet jedoch darauf hin, dass der Konzern neben seinem eigenen Geschäft auch für Temu Lobbyarbeit betreibt. Auch die Firma Whaleco Technology Limited, unter der Temu in Europa angemeldet ist, weist keine Lobbyarbeit in der EU auf. Auf mehrfache Anfrage zu Aktivitäten in Deutschland von LobbyControl reagierte Temu bedauerlicherweise nicht.

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Eine brisante Spur führt jedoch nach Irland. In Irlands Haupstadt Dublin sitzt Whaleco, das eben erwähnte Unternehmen, das hinter Temu in Europa steckt. Der Firmensitz ist kein Zufall. Im Niedrigsteuerland Irland zahlt der Konzern nur halb so viele Steuern wie in Deutschland, wo die Plattform aber eigentlich deutlich mehr Produkte absetzt. Auch die meisten großen US-Techkonzerne, wie Meta oder Apple, machen sich das EU-Steuerparadies zunutze und haben deshalb ihren europäischen Sitz in Irland.

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Temus Dreistigkeit braucht Grenzen

Es zeichnet sich bei Temu ein Muster ab: Der Konzern entzieht sich Behörden und Politik so weit und so lange er kann. Durch die Abwesenheit an Lobbyist:innen in Berlin, Brüssel und Dublin, gibt es keine unmittelbaren Ansprechpartner vor Ort für die Politik. Durch den Firmensitz in Irland, der nur aus einem kleinen Büro besteht, ist selbst dort nur ein eingeschränkter Kontakt möglich. Und durch den Cargotransport mit dem Flugzeug gelingt es Temu oft die Zollbehörden zu umgehen.

Der Fall Temu macht deutlich, dass Europa ein Problem mit der Durchsetzung seiner Gesetze hat. Weder die Qualität der Waren noch die Zollkontrollen hat Brüssel bei dem chinesischen Techkonzern im Griff – mit negativen Folgen für Verbraucher:innen und europäische Unternehmen, die sich selbst an Regeln halten und unter dem Preisdruck von Temu leiden. Temu kann mit Billigwaren von teilweise zweifelhafter Qualität den europäischen Markt überfluten.

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Mit ihrem alternativen Verhältnis zu Wahrheit, Toleranz und Humanität fährt die AfD Wahlerfolge ein. Ihr Klientel nutzt kaum noch klassische Medien zur Information, sondern Social Media. Dank deren Algorithmen verbreiten sich Falschinformationen und Hetze in Filterblasen und setzen sich fest. Facebook, X oder Telegram machen es vor. TikTok aber ist der Meister der Skrupellosigkeit. In der Europäischen Union nutzen 142 Millionen Menschen TikTok, also fast jeder Dritte.

Die russische und die chinesische Regierung nehmen mit Desinformationstruppen Einfluss auf das, was auf TikTok ausgesendet und konsumiert wird. TikTok wird von Extremisten zur Verbreitung ihres Gedankenguts verwendet und trägt so zur Radikalisierung der politischen Debatte bei. Diese Form der Kommunikation ist ein großes Risiko für unsere Demokratie.

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Etablierte Politiker als schlechte Vorbilder

Um TikTok nicht den Rechten zu überlassen, meinen Politiker, mit ihrer dortigen Präsenz der AfD und deren Propaganda etwas entgegensetzen zu können. Gesundheitsminister Karl Lauterbach machte den Anfang. Bundeskanzler Olaf Scholz und seine Aktentasche folgten (@TeamBundeskanzler). Selbst Robert Habeck und seine Grünen wollen über TikTok einen Meinungswandel herbeiführen.

Habeck auf TikTok verblüfft besonders, hatte er doch 2019 Twitter und Facebook vorläufig wegen Hass, Falschinformationen und unsicherer Datenverarbeitung verlassen. Inzwischen ist es auch dorthin zurückgekehrt.

Deutsche Sicherheitsbehörden, insbesondere die Verfassungsschutzämter, sehen diese Aktivitäten kritisch, ebenso die Datenschutzbehörden. Bußgelder auf europäischer Ebene gegen TikTok haben offenbar keinen Einfluss auf die Nutzung in Deutschland. TikTok behauptet fälschlich, sich an die europäische Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) zu halten. Die Regeln zum Kinderschutz werden nicht beachtet. Valide Rechtsgrundlagen für die Verarbeitung bestehen nicht. Weder die uninformierten Einwilligungen noch Vertragskonstrukte, geschweige denn ein „berechtigtes Interesse“ können die Verarbeitung durch TikTok legitimieren. Schon gar nicht die Verarbeitung sensitiver Daten, etwa in Bezug auf politische Meinungen.

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Das Verbot politischer Werbung, zu dem sich TikTok selbst bekennt, wird regelmäßig missachtet. Von „Privacy by Design“ und „Privacy by Default“ kann keine Rede sein. Bei Sicherheitsfeatures wie etwa der Kennzeichnung von Videos mit drastischen Bildern, gefährlichen Stunts und KI-generiertem Inhalt bestehen Defizite. Filteroptionen für unerwünschte oder schädliche Inhalte fehlen.

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Meinungsfreiheit ist kein Gegenargument. Äußerungen auf einer platten Plattform wie TikTok sind zweifellos grundrechtlich geschützt. Das entbindet aber Medium und Autoren nicht davon, die allgemeinen Gesetze zu beachten. Was für Lokalzeitungen, Spiegel, ARD oder RTL gilt, gilt auch für Social Media generell und TikTok speziell. Es gibt keine Regel, wonach die Reichweite eines Mediums dessen Zulässigkeit bestimmt.

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Archived

Here is the report (pdf) -- (archived)

Oasis Security's research team uncovered a critical vulnerability in Microsoft's Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) implementation, allowing attackers to bypass it and gain unauthorized access to the user’s account, including Outlook emails, OneDrive files, Teams chats, Azure Cloud, and more. Microsoft has more than 400 million paid Office 365 seats, making the consequences of this vulnerability far-reaching.

The bypass was simple: it took around an hour to execute, required no user interaction and did not generate any notification or provide the account holder with any indication of trouble.

[Edit to insert the original link to the Oasis site.]

Archived

The bloc’s diplomatic service, as well as some member states, are examining whether judicial decisions would be needed as a legal basis to seize the frozen assets, or if a damage calculation would be enough, said the people, who asked for anonymity to discuss the sensitive issue.

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A decision to confiscate the money and hand it over to Ukraine would be a significant departure from the current approach. [...] Up to now, the EU and the Group of Seven nations have tapped the profits generated by some $300 billion in sanctioned Russian assets to provide aid to Ukraine. Under a G-7 plan, Kyiv’s allies approved a mechanism where the profits would be used to underpin a €50 billion ($52.5 billion) loan package for Kyiv.

[Confiscation of foreign assets, let alone of that size, would be unprecedented in history. While central bank reserves have been frozen many times -e.g., the United States are still holding the reserves of Iraq and Afghanistan, yet technically they remain the property of these countries. Central bank reserves of another country have never been confiscated before.]

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Some EU member states are currently evaluating what effect such a move would have on the euro as a currency, the people said. They’re also assessing the potential impact of third countries deciding to withdraw assets from countries that proceed with seizures.

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Kaja Kallas, the EU’s new foreign policy chief who runs its diplomatic service, said during her confirmation hearing last month that frozen assets should be tapped directly. “I will not use the word confiscation, because it’s really using the assets in a legal way,” she said.

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Ever wonder where all those high officials in China keep disappearing to?

They are but few of a whopping 26,000 individuals placed into the Chinese Communist Party’s notorious Liuzhi system in 2023 alone. Liuzhi, or retention in custody, is a special “investigative mechanism” that allows the [Chinese Communist] Party’s [CCP] internal police force (Central Commission for Discipline Inspection – CCDI) to forcefully disappear, arbitrarily detain and torture individuals for up to six months. All without any judicial oversight or appeal mechanism, the system is specifically designed to force confessions from the victims.

As former CCDI lead Liu Jianchao (since promoted to head of the International Liaison Department) put it: “These are not criminal or judicial arrests and they are more effective”.

A successor to Shuanggui, the system is another of the many hardening reforms since Xi Jinping assumed the helm of the CCP and rapidly started moving the country even further away from the most basic human rights standards to which it is beholden under international law.

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Officially instituted under the National Supervision Law in 2018, liuzhi is rapidly catching up with other mechanisms of enforced disappearances in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Its use now appears to be on par with the use of Residential Surveillance at a Designated Location (RSDL), instituted in 2014 and most often employed against human rights defenders.

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Per regulation, any individual placed inside the system must be held in solitary confinement. The vast majority of victims are kept from any type of communication with the outside world and their family members are not informed of their whereabouts (or even the retention itself) as the system makes use of undisclosed (designated) locations, from custom-built facilities to CCP-run hotels, guesthouses, offices, etc. By any definition, it is a system of Party-state sanctioned incommunicado detention.

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The reasoning behind it all is very simple: to break the victims down. As a Professor at Peking University explained: [These cases are] “heavily dependent on the suspect’s confession. (...) If he (the suspect) remains silent under the advice of a lawyer, it would be very hard to crack the case”.

Testimonies from inside liuzhi (or its predecessor shuanggui) are rare, but all agree: "It looks very nice. But it is the worst place in the world." - Jean Zou, a shuanggui victim.

“The rooms mostly looked normal, with all the expected facilities — bathroom, tables, sofa, she said in an interview. The only sign of the room’s true purpose was the soft rubber walls. They were installed because too many officials had previously tried to commit suicide by banging their heads against the wall” – description of a facility in Shanghai by Lin Zhe, professor at the Central Party School.

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In January 2024, for the first time since the system’s formal inauguration, the CCDI published official data on its use: no less than 26,000 individuals had been placed inside the system in 2023 alone!

That is an average of 71 people being forcefully disappeared, arbitrarily detained and subjected to torture in liuzhi alone… Every. Single. Day.

The scary part: the 2023 number corresponds exactly to the worst-case high estimates [the rights group] Safeguard Defenders had made for previous years, based on partially available data from provincial Discipline Inspection Committees and punishment statistics.

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Archived

Poland decided to add several media and telecommunication firms to its list of strategic companies, which means their takeover will not be possible without government consent, Prime Minister Donald Tusk said on Wednesday.

Tusk had earlier said that private broadcasters TVN, owned by U.S. company Warner Discovery, and Polsat would be added to the list, highlighting increased concern about foreign interference. Tusk cited "hybrid war" against countries in the region.

Romania's top court annulled an ongoing presidential election this month after accusations of Russian meddling, particularly on social media. Russia denies interfering in elections in foreign countries.

"We adopted a regulation... on the basis of which we added to a list of entities subject to protection... companies such as Cyfrowy Polsat, P4 - the company that operates Play, TVN, Polsat television, T-Mobile and WB Electronics," Tusk said on Wednesday after a cabinet meeting. "This list already includes previously protected companies... such as Tauron Polska, Orlen, Emitel, Grupa Azoty, Gaspol. I do not need to justify the necessity for protection against the risk of these companies, which are key to the security of the Polish state, falling into the wrong hands."

Poland's list of strategic companies included mostly energy, chemical companies until now.

Archived version

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Estonia PM Kristen Michal, who is hosting Sir Keir Starmer and eight other European leaders at a security summit in Tallinn, said that if the allies wanted to have peace, they needed to prepare for a defensive war against Russia that could begin in the next five or ten years.

“Russia has a mentality that war is something sacred, that this is a sacred war, and they are against everybody,” he said.

“They are against Europe, they are against Nato, they are against the United States. And the only way they would diverge from this path is if they were to meet something bigger or stronger on this path.”

Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, defence spending across Nato as a whole has crept over 2 per cent of GDP for the first time in three decades. Twenty-three of the 32 allies have now crossed the threshold, compared with only seven before the onslaught. Poland’s budget is climbing towards 5 per cent and Estonia’s is projected to reach 3.7 per cent next year.

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Last week Mark Rutte, Nato’s secretary-general, said the Europeans needed to get back to Cold War-era levels of military spending, when budgets were routinely well over 3 per cent, because the threat to their security was even greater today.

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Estonian officials now say they are confident that Nato will raise the bar to 2.5 or 3 per cent in the near future, not least because the alliance’s new lists of specific requirements from each national military will force the issue.

“I believe that we’ll reach the momentum and more and more countries are understanding that they need to do more,” Hanno Pevkur, Estonia’s defence minister, told The Times. “It’s not only about the words that Trump is saying. It’s about the real needs.”

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Estonian officials argue that if Ukraine can cling on until the spring then Putin will face mounting discontent within his own regime and find it harder to persuade other power brokers that Russia can outlast its opponents.

In the long run, Michal said, Russia was “absolutely” destroying its economic future. “If one were to look at Russia’s economy like we look at other economies … Russia’s economy would be like a train wreck in slow motion,” he said. “But because the [Russian] narrative is different, the Putin regime’s only way of staying in power is to continue this kind of war because during the war [its critics] cannot ask any questions”.

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cross-posted from: https://beehaw.org/post/17644126

Archived version (South China Morning Post)

A Chinese professor has sparked a public backlash after he asked a visiting Kazakh diplomat how to make Chinese women “have children obediently, early and in large numbers” at a think tank event.

Wang Xianju, a professor at Renmin University and a former counsellor at the Chinese embassy in Belarus, was speaking to Erlan Qarin, the state counsellor of Kazakhstan, who visited the university in November.

Qarin had given a speech on Kazakhstan’s domestic reforms and relations between the two countries at an event hosted by the Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies, a think tank based at the university.

The institute published Wang’s remarks on its WeChat account in November but the article only gained online traction – and criticism – this week. It has since been deleted.

During the question-and-answer period, Wang said he was surprised to find there were many children when he visited Kazakhstan.

He said Kazakhstan apparently had effective policies encouraging births, and he wondered how that might be possible, given that Chinese women did not want to get married and have children, and would not listen to their parents or supervisors.

“I even heard that women in Kazakhstan immediately have children after they graduate college, they have children one after another,” Wang said in a now-deleted WeChat article by the think tank.

“How could they listen to you and obediently, submissively have children, have children early and have lots of children?”

Archived

A Chinese man was arrested on the territory of a German naval base, police said on Wednesday, and a public broadcaster said prosecutors were considering spying charges.

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The man was found carrying a camera at the naval base in Kiel on December 9, and that prosecutors were considering charges of taking security-endangering pictures of military installations.

"We have an open investigation into a Chinese man who was found on the territory of the marine port," said Carola Jeschke, spokesperson for Schlesweig-Holstein's criminal investigation department.

[...]

The investigation comes amid a greatly heightened focus on the security threat posed by China, whose booming car industry is an increasingly formidable competitor to Germany's economic mainstay, and which continues to cooperate with Russia even as the West seeks to isolate Moscow over its invasion of Ukraine.

Kiel, on the Baltic Sea, is home to one of the German navy's three flotillas and the dry dock where ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems builds submarines.

In October, Germany took over command of NATO's task force in the Baltic Sea, which is criss-crossed by fuel pipelines and data cables that have repeatedly been severed since the start of Russia's invasion in February 2022.

Germany's security agencies have frequently warned of an increased threat from Chinese intelligence services.

**In 2023, Kiel scrapped plans to establish a twin-city partnership with the Chinese military port of Qingdao after researchers warned that it could serve as a cover for espionage. **

[Replaced the link with a Cloudflare-free version.]

Archived

Around 30,000 Russians of working age die annually from HIV, according to Vadim Pokrovsky, the head of Russia’s Federal Methodological Centre for HIV/AIDS Prevention.

This figure continues to rise alongside increasing treatment costs for the government and a lack of early HIV testing.

Speaking to TASS, Pokrovsky revealed that the Russian government spends RUB70bn ($670mn) per year on HIV treatment. The epidemic is exacerbated by the loss of economically active individuals, which Pokrovsky highlighted as a critical economic blow.

“If each year we lose 30,000 young, able-bodied people who could work for another 20-30 years, that is an additional loss [to the economy],” he said.

Russia’s HIV epidemic, which has resulted in 1.7mn infections and nearly 500,000 deaths to date, stems primarily from gaps in early diagnosis and inconsistent treatment availability. Reports indicate that shortages of antiretroviral drugs, including the vital medication Dolutegravir, have emerged due to disrupted supply chains and procurement issues, with some supply tenders being cancelled altogether.

While heterosexual transmission is now the most common means of spreading HIV in Russia, marginalised groups such as drug users, sex workers and gay men remain disproportionately vulnerable. Reduced funding for HIV testing – currently 30% below the recommended levels – has further undermined efforts at early detection, despite calls from medical experts for regular screenings to prevent immune system deterioration.

Archived version (South China Morning Post)

A Chinese professor has sparked a public backlash after he asked a visiting Kazakh diplomat how to make Chinese women “have children obediently, early and in large numbers” at a think tank event.

Wang Xianju, a professor at Renmin University and a former counsellor at the Chinese embassy in Belarus, was speaking to Erlan Qarin, the state counsellor of Kazakhstan, who visited the university in November.

Qarin had given a speech on Kazakhstan’s domestic reforms and relations between the two countries at an event hosted by the Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies, a think tank based at the university.

The institute published Wang’s remarks on its WeChat account in November but the article only gained online traction – and criticism – this week. It has since been deleted.

During the question-and-answer period, Wang said he was surprised to find there were many children when he visited Kazakhstan.

He said Kazakhstan apparently had effective policies encouraging births, and he wondered how that might be possible, given that Chinese women did not want to get married and have children, and would not listen to their parents or supervisors.

“I even heard that women in Kazakhstan immediately have children after they graduate college, they have children one after another,” Wang said in a now-deleted WeChat article by the think tank.

“How could they listen to you and obediently, submissively have children, have children early and have lots of children?”

Das Landeskriminalamt in Schleswig-Holstein ermittelt wegen eines möglichen Spionagefalls rund um den Marinestützpunkt Kiel-Wik.

Nach WDR-Recherchen wurde am 9. Dezember ein chinesischer Staatsbürger festgenommen, der sich offenbar Zugang zur militärischen Liegenschaft im Kieler Hafen verschafft und dort Fotoaufnahmen gemacht haben soll.

Eine Sprecherin des LKA Schleswig-Holstein bestätigte auf Nachfrage lediglich, dass gegen den Mann ermittelt werde. Die Staatsanwaltschaft Flensburg, die das Verfahren führt, war für eine Stellungnahme zunächst nicht erreichbar.

Nach WDR-Informationen wird gegen den Chinesen wegen des Verdachts des Sicherheitsgefährdenden Abbildens von militärischen Einrichtungen (§ 109g Strafgesetzbuch) ermittelt, er soll sich in Untersuchungshaft befinden.

Aufgegriffen hatte ihn zunächst das Wachpersonal, das den Mann schließlich an die Polizei übergeben hat.