ekky43

Right, apologies for dumping it down so far, I find it hard to properly gauge the knowledge of others on the internet, and just try and play safe.

I wasn't aware that one could serial program gate arrays, as, as far as I know, the definition of serial programming is code that is governed by a processor, and which prohibits anything but serial execution of commands. So it's new to me that gate arrays can run serial code without any governance or serialization process, since gate arrays by themselves are anything but serial. Or rather, you need to synchronize anything and everything that is supposed to be serial by yourself, or use pre-built and pre-synced blocks, I guess.

Anyway, going by the definition that serial programming can only be performed using some kind of governance or synchronizing authority, that alone would be another layer of security.

As serial implies, it rid us, or lessened the burden, of those timing related issues, some of which included:

• All the problems of accessing in-use resources that multi-cored serial "parallel" programming reintroduced.
• Making a block and not properly timing it resulting in the clock changing while it's still flipping gates and produce unexpected behavior.
• As the above, just generally having to time everything, as having too many clock blocks or sync checks results in unnecessary speed loss, and having too few checks might result in unexpected behavior.
• Over/underclocking and other slight power and clock variations.
• Uninitialized gates producing random behavior.
• And by extension: the power up process not being exactly the same every time, resulting in more unexpected behavior. Very annoying to debug when it looks all right to start with.
• Reading through seconds of timing diagrams (that's a lot of reading with a clock time of nano seconds).
• Block placement and connection problems.
• Using gate array layouts/code with differing transistor specs.

And the list goes on, but you know.

Serial also has a lot of pitfalls, and you can definitely screw things up bad, but at least you don't have to think much about clock or timing, or memory placement, unless communicating between devices or cores, and those sync problems tend to be rather tame and simple compared to intra-processor problems.

At least from my experience.

I think you are misunderstanding me. Are you perhaps thinking about multithreading or multi core? Because some people have also started calling that "parallel", even if it is nothing like low-level parallel.

A CPU does not build upon a CPU, a CPU builds upon transistors which are collected into gates, and which can be assembled into the correct order using parallel programming.

EDIT: as an example, you do not actually need a computer to parallel program. Get yourself a box of transistor, some cable, and a soldering iron, and you can build some very rudimentary gate arrays, like a flip-flop.

This link might give a better understanding of our confusion.

EDIT 2: One could perhaps illustrate the confusion which this topic is often victim of as such:

Transistors are part of the hardware and are parallel programmed to form complex gate arrays called "Processors", which feature instruction sets used by machine code, which is made using assembly, which is called "serial programming", which enables high-complexity operations such as multi-core "parallel" programming.

I'm talking about the former "PGA parallel programming", and not the latter "multi-core parallel programming".

A CPU is a very complex gate array which handles bothersome tasks such as synchronization (run conditions) and memory access, and presents you with a very limited set of instructions. All serial programming builds upon this very limited set of instructions, and the instructions have been thoroughly tested over the past 6 decades.

Not to say that CPU architecture or microcode is fail-safe, but the chance of your computer blue-screening because of a failure of your CPU is rather small.

Now, parallel programming (the low level variant, not the hijacked definition) is the art of "wiring" those gate arrays. A CPU is actually made using parallel programming, so all the safeties it presents for serial programming will not be present in parallel programming, as parallel programming does not use a CPU.

EDIT: the above is of course simplified, there exist multiple architectures, collected into more common instructions sets such as amd64, armhf, arm64, etc. but even the most barebone processing unit contains a lot of securities and nicities that parallel does not have.

Lots of buzzwords indeed, author apparently doesn't even know what a smart sensor is, as they described a regular sensor in their first paragraph.

That said, you can absolutely program analog ICs, such as by using a Field Programmable Gate Array instead of just your regular Gate Array (your usual, 'stupid' IC). Though, while a random IC might cost you less than half a dollar, a FPGA will cost you around 100$ for a simple chip.

On the other hand, skipping any GPU or CPU and their limitations by clock speed should speed up the AI considerably, though parallel programming (not concurrent programming, and not multi-core "parallel" programming either) is much harder and comes with almost no safety when compared to serial programming.

Gel, shampoo, balsam, shaving foam/cream, and roll-on deo from Neutral/Minirisk. Simple, cheap, safe. And the best thing? It doesn't trigger any allergies.

Though, I do use aftershave from Matas, and oil from ecooking.

I think that covers most of my self-care products.

@[email protected]'s thought process seems perfectly rational. Contrary, your continued belittling of and attempts to force OP into the role of a mentally ill person appears almost like a superiority complex or obsession, uncannily so.

You're likely a wonderful person who just formulated yourself in a very unlucky way, but OP would surely have spoken up if they needed help.

Right? I'm embarrassed that we still think hydrogen to be more dangerous than gasoline and other fossil fuels.

I mean, hydrogen is dangerous, as are most things, but it likely won't ever kill 5~10 million people per year from pollution alone.

And regarding airships, hydrogen doesn't just explode as some like to think, and won't just plummet In case of fire if sealed in multiple metallic and flame resistant compartments like in modern airships, at least not without a freak accident.

PIA being owned by the same scammy company as ExpressVPN does not necessarily mean that it itself also is bad, but one should keep an open eye on them.

Like I said, I haven't found any evidence that ExpressVPN sells their customer data, even though it might be likely.

Thank you, but I already know that study.

My problem is, that while it makes a satisfying click noise and temporarily feels good, it also sometimes becomes itchy or perhaps slightly painful afterwards, and I just don't like that feeling.

Your idea makes perfect sense, though I think it's not only embedded in culture (parenting), but also in our nature as humans.

I'm tempted to say that humans are born curious, and by extension, most humans like to share their knowledge or more often their opinions. I know I do.

Yes, but I'm trying to wean myself off of it. Partly because it feels like destructive behavior, and partly because it must be annoying for others to constantly listen to me cracking my knuckles.

Thank you very much, we should always strive to back up claims with relevant links and data, no matter if it's common sense or how trivial it might seem.

While the quote and linked paper give a good picture of the VPNs and their controversies, such as ExpressVPN, CyberGhost, and PIA being under ownership of a less-than-trustworthy company which also happens to be specialized in malware and surveillance, I did not find anything that directly supported @[email protected]'s claim.

The only controversy (except questionable ownership) I could find in the article was a few paragraphs lower regarding the Andrey Karlov assassination, where ExpressVPN denied the existence of logs but investigators somehow still managed to extract a serial number of a computer(?) after a datacenter raid. Not sure if I got that right, but it would fit the established profile from this comment chain:

ExpressVPN, on the other hand, told investigators it did not have any logs or customer data on a server in Turkey, which was raided by Turkish authorities, according to Hurriyet Daily News. According to the site, authorities said the server was used to hide details regarding an assassination of a Russian ambassador. ExpressVPN released a statement about the incident.

It's almost midnight here, so please correct me if I missed something.

Oh, and nice paper, has a good, natural flow and appears to keep technical jargon to a level where anyone should be able to draw well informed conclusions.