Draegur

joined 1 year ago
[–] [email protected] 0 points 2 days ago (1 children)

The lads depicted are Gen Alpha 18 year olds. Gen z is mid to late twenties now. Some of them are about to hit 30...

[–] [email protected] 5 points 2 days ago (1 children)

The same guy who deliberately messed with the vending machine will also intentionally misplace the delivery of the skull gun aug module, smh.

[–] [email protected] 18 points 2 days ago (14 children)

Steam implies water! What if we used some OTHER phase-change working fluid? :D

||(No idea what, though. my question is implied with a playful tone and is at least 50% facetious; any actual discussion that might result would be little more than a pleasant coincidence)||

[–] [email protected] 3 points 2 days ago

"what if fire... But... MOAR"

[–] [email protected] 1 points 2 days ago

HOLY SHIT FUCK YOURE ABSOLUTELY RIGHT JESUS CHRIST I REMEMBERED THE ORDER COMPLETELY FUCKING WRONG

I should have looked up the periodic table to reference it >_< It goes Hydrogen, Helium, LITHIUM, BERYLLIUM, BORON, CARBON, NITROGEN, and THEN oxygen Fuck my life I skipped five whole fucking elements Goddammit THANK YOU for pointing this out, I will fix it IMMEDIATELY

[–] [email protected] 16 points 4 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (3 children)

The reaction for which a nuclear reactor is named is the atoms of unstable substances rupturing on a subatomic level.

Every substance is made of atoms.

Atoms that share the same number of protons in their nucleus are the same element. The protons are all 'positively' charged and want to repel each other and fly apart, but they cannot because neutrons got them stuck together. The combined positive charge of the neutrons, though, attracts and captures electrons (which are negatively charged) in their orbit.

Sidebar: it is the interactions between the electron shells of atoms that allow atoms to stick together to form molecules. For instance, water is one hydrogen atom and two oxygen atoms.

Atoms with one proton in the middle are hydrogen. Atoms with two protons are helium. Atoms with three are lithium, beryllium has 4, boron has 5, carbon has 6, atoms with seven protons are nitrogen, atoms with eight protons are oxygen. And so on. The entire list of all known atoms is the periodic table of elements, and the atomic number of each element is how many protons it has in its nucleus.

Another sidebar: atoms can sometimes have an extra electron, or be missing an electron. These are "negative" and "positive" ions. Lithium ion batteries, for instance, operate on a principle of chemical reactions that can store extra electrons when charged, and strip those electrons off and release them when discharged.

Less of a sidebar because this bit is getting relevant to nuclear/atomic energy: atoms can have a varying number of neutrons too. Hydrogen only has one proton so it doesn't even necessarily NEED a neutron. If it has a neutron, it is significantly heavier than a hydrogen atom that doesn't have a neutron, and we call it deuterium. It can even have TWO neutrons, and be nearly three times as heavy as a result of the extra particle, and we call it tritium. the varying numbers of neutrons in an atom's nucleus are isotopes of an element.

Recap:

  • An elemental unit of matter is an atom and it is almost always made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
  • What that matter "is" and what that matter "does" is determined by the number of protons.
  • Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged, and neutrons have no charge.
  • Neutrons bind protons together at the nucleus so their positive charge doesn't make them fly apart.
  • The number of electrons orbiting the nucleus can vary, and when it's not equal to the charge of the protons, the atom has been "ionized" and is called an "ion" of that element.
    • if there are extra electrons, it's a negative ion; and if there is a deficit of electrons, it is a positive ion.
  • The number of neutrons inside the nucleus can vary, and each neutron has a significant mass, comparable to the mass of the protons.
    • The total number of particles (neutrons plus protons) in the nucleus of an atom has a significant influence on the mass of the atom.
    • We call the different counts of total nucleus particles for the same number of protons "isotopes".

Now I can finally tell you what nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are about.

Fusion is when atoms (usually very light ones) under titanic, gargantuan, nigh incomprehensible pressure are forced together so close, under so much force that it overcomes the negative-to-negative electrostatic repulsion of their electron shells, that the nuclei of the atoms get close enough that they suddenly stick together, merging their assemblages of neutrons and protons into a single nucleus and the electrons all sharing that orbit.

Very light atoms such as hydrogen and helium can have an easier time fusing if there are more neutrons present in their nuclei, assisting with the 'stickiness' (not a technical term) of each atom's nucleus to stick to each other. When we do fusion here on earth, we can't achieve the pressures necessary for regular hydrogen or helium to fuse, so we use deuterium or tritium to do it instead.

Meanwhile, Fission is when atoms (usually very heavy ones with lots of extra neutrons) break apart. Isotopes of very heavy elements with abnormally high numbers of neutrons behave differently from their more stablely balanced 'not too many neutrons' related isotopes. The nucleus can become 'unstable' and prone to breaking. You could imagine this, metaphorically speaking, as a physics engine that's having to deal with too many rigidbody collisions between too many objects in a tight space, with the objects clipping into each other and building up incredible amounts of un-accounted-for forces which, when crossing an escape threshold, cause the pile of objects to break apart.

If you have a relatively stable isotope that will become a very UNSTABLE one if you just add another neutron, then you can cause it to break apart (fission) by shooting a neutron at it. And actually hitting. Now, if you have a whole crapton of these relatively stable atomic isotopes collected together (refined into nuclear fuel), you can shoot a neutron at that blob of atoms and statistically ONE of them is gonna get hit with that neutron and break apart.

When an atom breaks apart, it basically explodes very fast and that's a lot of kinetic energy. Kinetic energy on an atomic level, well, it hits other atoms which hit other atoms and they all vibrate and that's what we call heat.

But that's not all. When the atom breaks, it will release extra neutrons that it can no longer hold onto. IF it releases more than 2.1 neutrons on average when it breaks, those two neutrons will go flying off and statistically at least one of them will hit another atom of the same substance, the same isotope, with the same 'just on the cusp of blowing apart' situation, causing IT to fission too, and ALSO shoot off a few neutrons. Those also hit barely stable atoms that become unstable and fission releasing neutrons which then destabilize other atoms which fission and shoot off neutrons which then fission other atoms that fission other atoms... This is called criticality and it's the tipping point at which a nuclear fission reaction can sustain itself.

In order to sustain this reaction, we build a structure that we put the fissile fuel into, a structure specifically designed--with specific materials specifically shaped--to reflect the neutrons back into the fuel so that the reaction can keep going. This is a nuclear reactor core. By inserting substances, meanwhile, that will absorb neutrons and slow the effect down OR by withdrawing the fuel rods from the 'sweet spot' in the reactor core, we can control the intensity of the reaction so it doesn't blow up EVEN BIGGER, and therefore we call these Control Rods.

And that's the essential fissile chain-reaction that is core to the operation of a nuclear power plant. Every single one of those fissioning atoms releases a bunch of heat and that heat adds up. A thermal transfer fluid of some kind surrounding the core will absorb allllll that heat, and carry it to a heat exchanger that dumps all that heat into yet another working fluid, this one whose job is to boil FURIOUSLY when it gets hot enough and generate a crapton of vapor pressure, which then is allowed to blow through and thereby push turbines.

That's fission nuclear reactor power!

[–] [email protected] 17 points 5 days ago (3 children)

Needs euthanization

[–] [email protected] 78 points 5 days ago (1 children)

it's an illustration of what it's like to have a conservative "friend" whose disagreement with you is your right to exist.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 5 days ago (1 children)

yeah please actually fucking do this. men have had it too easy. it's time to stop appeasing them(us?). Yes patriarchy harms men quite a bit and they(we?) were already among its victims, but molly coddling men has clearly not worked.

this body i'm in, people see it and presume it's white, cis, and male, so i say this while fully understanding that women following 4B would treat me even less human than they already do. But frankly, every single aspect of me that has ever been 'masculine' feels less human already so i can't blame them. it would feel right. it would be eminently fair. i'm sick of being associated with the depravity of the misogynistic paradigm. i'd rather be completely ostracized and socially isolated than know that this shit is still going on. end it. fucking end it. please.

[–] [email protected] 13 points 6 days ago

most people are familiar with "fight or flight" Acute Stress Responses, but when one neither fighting nor fleeing are viable options, there are other modalities that kick in for the sake of one's survival.

Namely, Freeze and Fawn: get small, be non-threatening, attempt to appease the assailant.

You did what you had to in order to get through that, and while nonetheless horrific and brutal, the fact that you came out of this alive is a testament to your resiliency. I wish you could get justice... hell I wish you could get vengeance. But I'm just glad you're still here at all.

[–] [email protected] 8 points 6 days ago

that was a thousand years? dang, reich-years make dog-years look like an eternity!

[–] [email protected] 41 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (3 children)

Didn't germany also experience severe brain drain around, oh, the late 1930s or so?

Something about ... people with the common sense and sufficient means to survive elsewhere fleeing in droves because they saw the writing on the wall and knew shit was about to get ugly?

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submitted 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago) by [email protected] to c/[email protected]
 

This Hurts Me

As a civil engineering and municipal infrastructure enthusiast, village generation like this makes me die inside.

You may think "but it looks cool", until you actually fly in close and realize that none of the villagers can get back into their houses after convening at the common areas of the town because they're up sheer cliffs or halfway embedded into solid rock, and none of the paths are actually navigable in any way.

Even 'rescuing' this town by trying to light it up sufficiently that they won't be accosted by zombies all day long from every nook and cranny, let alone refactoring all the paths so they can find their way around, is a frustrating and painful prospect.

Yeah sure okay it's just a video game, but games and other environmental simulations of the sort only capture the imagination and our own minds' abilities to extrapolate emergent play by having at least some basic modicum of verisimilitude - and i can tell you, this settlement, which was supposed to have been ostensibly built by allegedly sapient beings, should NEVER have come to be. Villagers can't even merely sustain existence here let alone build it. Not that they have any canonical capacity to construct in the first place, but it's supposed to be implied by the existence of buildings.

In a word, it's dissonant.

How To Decrease Suck

But look. I'm not here to just point fingers and lay blame. Generally it's a dick move to criticize a situation without offering a solution, and I have one:

Pathfinding as a generative guideline.

Retracing the hows and whys of populated places in real life, we can reveal the underlying principles that drive the phenomenon of Basically Any Place That Is Dwelled-Within. You see, for millions of years before humanity even existed let alone before the first permanent artificial structures were constructed on earth, the critters who occupied various land-based biomes on our world were trying to balance the needs of food, water, and safety. And they would do this by recognizing where these things were, and then attempting to navigate between them as efficiently as possible. In other words: animals create game trails, delineated paths of least resistance, between foraging grounds, watering holes, and hiding/nesting/resting places. Even entirely nomadic herds will attempt to beat relatively easier-to-traverse routes between grazing lands.

You could build an algorithm that attempts to lay a route between any two arbitrary points in an environment that minimizes for disruptions like objects blocking the way, bodies of water, gaps in the terrain like ravines, or even slopes that are uncomfortably steep.

A Pathfinding Algorithm.

Now, why do people make paths? Well, our hunter-gatherer ancestors did this to follow migratory prey and seasonal edible plants. Even though structures weren't permanent, we'd come back to set up our camps at the same spots because they're good spots to camp at - and our ancestors KNEW that as a function of accessibility. When we began experimenting with agriculture and attained the ability to stay in the same spot year-round while not dying of starvation or exposure, we discovered a whole-ass new use for pathfinding: trade!

We'd harvest materials from the surrounding world, and congregate to exchange what we found. Since all the materials were there, we began producing those materials into goods! Since we have all these people and all these goods in one place, why, let's facilitate the exchange with the performance of services to improve quality of life! Providers of Materials, Producers of Goods, and Performers of Services, congregating at a common location...
That's a Village.

The villagers in minecraft also possess an intrinsic implied division of labor along similar lines:

  • Farmers obviously provide all the base sustenance foods the community needs.
  • Fishermen provide fish, but also presumably various salvaged items or junk their luck of the sea might have brought ashore.
  • Fletchers hunting in the wild provide wood, flint, feathers, and string.
  • Masons mining in quarries provide minerals.
  • Shepherds tending their herds and flocks provide meat, dyes, and cloth from wool.
  • The various armorer, weaponsmith, toolsmith, leatherworker, and butcher all produce finished goods from those raw materials.
  • The Cleric provides the service of being the community's organizer and leader.
  • The Librarian provides the service of keeping records and teaching the young.
  • The Cartographer provides the service of facilitating travel and communication between towns and the location of resources in the field

What I'm trying to say is, there's every indication that the only thing missing from this brew is the PATHS.

And that, if you DID try to draw paths of least resistance between arbitrary points in the world, you would see them converging upon level, open areas of solid ground... which would be perfect for the construction of settlements and slot seamlessly into the extant paradigms of villages as they already are.

Not only that, but, this would go incredibly far toward enriching every minecraft world with the semblance of a narrative without actually having to write one for real. Villages connected with roads will provoke our imaginations to externally hallucinate the existence of social systems that don't even need to be programmed into the game, like sociological regions, or nations.

It all comes down to a road-based approach.

edit: BTW,
I created a submission in the official Minecraft Feedback site last month. Sadly it's rather hard to elegantly express what I'm suggesting with a character limit of only 1500. So if you think this is a good idea, come here and vote or something. maybe comment. Feedback Link

 

One of the interaction menu options (where "Cross-post / Send Message / Report Post / Block user / Block Community" live)
OR (preferably)
perhaps even one of the external buttons (next to Comment / Save / Original Post -OR- next to Upvote / Downvote)
should be the ability to either hide or collapse a given post so the things you've already seen take up less screen space
(but shouldn't be permanently lost to you so you can go back to something if you decide you want to look at it again)

Also, apologies if this is already suggested, I tried to search, and either it isn't there or the search function isn't very good.

 

... but it's not like he's not in a rush.

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