Linux

Maybe Syncthing is the way forward. I use it for years and am reasonably comfortable with it. When it works, it works. Problems is that when it doesn't work, it's hard to solve or even to know about. For the present use case it would involve making a lot of shares and manually toggling them on and off all the time. And would need to have some kind of error checking system also to avoid deleting unsynced files.

Others have also suggested NFS but I am having a difficult time finding basic info about what it is and what I can expect. How is it different than using SSHFS mounted? Assuming I continue limping along on my existing hardware, do you think it can do any of the local caching type stuff I was hoping for?

Re the hardware, thanks for the feedback! I am only recently learning about this side of computing. Am not a gamer and usually have had laptops, so never got too much into the hardware.

I have actually 2 desktops, both 10+ years old. 1 is a macmini so there is no chance of getting the storage properly installed. I believe the CPU is better and it has more RAM because it was upgraded when it was my main machine. The other is a "small" tower (about 14") picked up cheaply to learn about PCs. Has not been upgraded at all other than SSD for the system drive. Both running debian now.

In another comment I ran iperf3 Laptop (wifi) ---> Desktop (ethernet) which was about 80-90MBits/s. Whereas Desktop ---> OtherDesktop was in the 900-950 MBits/s range. So I think I can say the networking is fine enough when it's all ethernet.

One thing I wasn't expecting from the tower is that it only supports 2x internal HDDs. I was hoping to get all the loose USB devices inside the box, like you suggest. It didn't occur to me that I could only get the system drive + one extra. I don't know if that's common? Or if there is some way to expand the capacity? There isn't too much room inside the box but if there was a way to add trays, most of them could fit inside with a bit of air between them.

This is the kind of pitfall I wanted to learn about when I bought this machine so I guess it's doing its job. :)

Efforts to research what I would like to have instead have led me to be quite overwhelmed. I find a lot of people online who have way more time and resources to devote than I do, who want really high performance. I always just want "good enough". If I followed the advice I found online I would end up with a PC costing more than everything else I own in the world put together.

As far as I can tell, the solution for the miniPC type device is to buy an external drive holder rack. Do you agree? They are sooo expensive though, like $200-300 for basically a box. I don't understand why they cost so much.

hmm interesting idea. I do not get the idea that nextcloud is reliably "easy" as it's kind of a joke how complex it can be.

Someone else suggested WebDAV which I believe is the filesharing Nextcloud uses. Does Nextcloud add anything relevant above what's available from just WebDAV?

sounds sweet! Perfectly what I am looking for.

It's so rare to be jealous of windows users!!

I do find this repo: jstaf/onedriver: A native Linux filesystem for Microsoft OneDrive. So I guess in theory it would be possible in linux? If you could apply it to a different back end..

if you delete a file on your laptop it will also be deleted on your desktop on the next sync

This is my fear! I have done it before.... Forgetting something is synced and deleting what I thought was "an extra copy" only to realize later that it propagated to the original.

Not to mention USB drives have higher failure rates and can be unplugged by mistake.

Thanks!

I elaborated on why I'm using USB HDDs in this comment. I have been a bit stuck knowing how to proceed to avoid these problems. I am willing to get a new desktop at some point but not sure what is needed and don't have unlimited resources. If I buy a new device, I'll have to live with it for a long time. I have about 6 or 8 external HDDs in total. Will probably eventually consolidate the smaller ones into a larger drive which would bring it down. Several are 2-4TB, could replace with 1x 12TB. But I will probably keep using the existing ones for backup if at all possible.

Re the VPN, people keep mentioning this. I am not understanding what it would do though? I mostly need to access my files from within the LAN. Certainly not enough to justify the security risk of a dummy like me running a public service. I'd rather just copy files to an encrypted disk for those occasions and feel safe with my ports closed to outsiders.

Is there some reason to consider a VPN for inside the LAN?

1. In another comment I ran iperf3 Laptop (wifi) ---> Desktop (ethernet) which was about 80-90MBits/s. Whereas Desktop ---> OtherDesktop was in the 900-950 MBits/s range. So I think I can say the networking is fine enough when it's all ethernet. Is there some other kind of benchmarking to do?

2. Just posted a more detailed description of the desktops in this comment (4th paragraph). It's not ideal but for now its what I have. I did actually take the time (gnome-disks benchmarking) to test different cables, ports, etc to find the best possible configuration. While there is an upper limit, if you are forced to use USB, this makes a big difference.

3. Other people suggested ZeroTier or VPNs generally. I don't really understand the role this component would be playing? I have a LAN and I really only want local access. Why the VPN?

4. Ya, I have tried using syncthing for this before and it involves deleting stuff all the time then re-syncing it when you need it again. And you need to be careful not to accidentally delete while synced, which could destroy all files.

5. Resilio I used it a long time ago. Didn't realize it was still around! IIRC it was somewhat based on bittorrent with the idea of peers providing data to one another.

What would be the role of Zerotier? It seems like some sort of VPN-type application. What do I need that for?

rclone is cool and I used it before. I was never able to get it to work really consistently so always gave up. But that's probably use error.

That said, I can mount network drives and access them from within the file system. I think GVFS is doing the lifting for that. There are a couple different ways I've tried including with rclone, none seemed superior performance-wise. I should say the Desktop computer is just old and slow; there is only so much improvement possible if the files reside there. I would much prefer to work on my Laptop directly and move them back to Desktop for safe keeping when done.

"vfs cache" is certainly an intriguing term

Looks like maybe the main documentation is rclone mount > vfs-file-caching and specifically --vfs-cache-mode-full

In this mode the files in the cache will be sparse files and rclone will keep track of which bits of the files it has downloaded.

So if an application only reads the starts of each file, then rclone will only buffer the start of the file. These files will appear to be their full size in the cache, but they will be sparse files with only the data that has been downloaded present in them.

I'm not totally sure what this would be doing, if it is exactly what I want, or close enough? I am remembering now one reason I didn't stick with rclone which is I find the documentation difficult to understand. This is a really useful lead though.

Strong disagreement on №2. That kinda thinking is how you get devices on your home network to join a malicious botnet without your knowledge and more identity theft. ALL network communications should assume that a malicious actor may be present and use encryption-in-transit for anything remotely approaching private, identifiable, or sensitive.

A few weeks ago I put some serious time/brainpower into the network and got it waaaay smoother and faster than before. Finally implemented some upgraded hardware that has been sitting on a shelf for too long.

I tried iperf. Actually iperf3 because that's the first tutorial I found. Do you have any opinion on iPerf vs iperf3? On Desktop I ran:

iperf3 -s -p 7673

On Laptop I am currently doing some stuff I didn't want to quit so this may not be a totally fair test. I'll try re running it later. That said I ran:

 iperf3 -c desktop.lan -p 7673 -bidir

And what looks like a summary at the bottom:

[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec   102 MBytes  86.0 Mbits/sec  152             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec   102 MBytes  85.6 Mbits/sec                  receiver

I actually have AnotherDesktop on the LAN also connected via ethernet. Going from Laptop ---> AnotherDesktop gets similar to the above.

However going AnotherDesktop ---> Desktop gets 10x better results:

[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.09 GBytes   936 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.09 GBytes   933 Mbits/sec                  receiver

Laptop has Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 8260 who's Max Speed = 867 Mbps. It probably isn't the bottleneck. Although with the distro running at the moment (Fedora) I have a LOT of problems with everything so possibly things aren't set up ideally here.

I still didn't upgrade the actual wireless access point for the network; don't recall what the max speed is for current WAP but could be around 100Mbps.

So this is an interesting path to optimize. However I am still interested in solving the original problem because even when I am directly using Desktop, things are slow. I do not really want to upgrade it is I can get away with a software solution. There are many items on my list of projects and purchases that I'd rather concentrate on.

I've used WebDAV here and there. I found some aspects of set up frustrating so I tend to keep away from it except for smaller, short term use cases.

Does it do the caching thing or is it more of an alternative to SSH/SFTP?

If it's an alternative, what is the benefit?

IIRC WebDAV can be set up from inside certain filemanagers (like nautilus with an extension installed) or by using a web server like apache, or by using smaller stand alone services.

Thanks! I have gone to look at TrueNAS or FreeNAS a few times over the years. I am dissuaded because hardware-wise they seem expensive. Then on the other hand, they are limited in what they can do.

Comprehension check. Is the below accurate?

1. TrueNAS is an OS, it would replace Debian.
2. Main purpose of TrueNAS is to maintain the filesystem
3. There are some packages available for TrueNAS, like someone mentioned Syncthing supports it
4. But basically if I run TrueNAS, I will likely need a second computer to run services

Also for comprehension check:

• The reason many people are recommending NAS (or WebDAV, NFS, VPN etc) is because with better storage and network infrastructure I would no longer be interested in this caching idea.
• Better would be to have solid enough file sharing within the LAN that accessing files located on Desktop from Laptop would work.
• The above would be completely plausible

How'm I doing?